Sagittal Sections of an E4.5 Stage 24 Chick Embryo

 This atlas depicts sagittal sections through the developing brain and spinal cord of a Hamburger and Hamilton stage 24 (Embryonic day 4.5 or E4.5) white leghorn chick embryo.  The work was carried out under ethical approval from the University of New South Wales Animal Ethical Committee.

The embryo was fixed by immersion in room temperature Bouin’s fluid for 24 hours before dehydration in graded ethanol and xylene and embedding in paraffin.  The block was sectioned in a sagittal plane at a thickness of 10 µm and the sections mounted on glass slides.  Sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and coverslipped with DePeX.

Seven equally spaced sections through the embryo were photographed with the aid of a Zeiss Axiophotphotomicrographic system and a Canon EOS 400D body.  Images were placed in Adobe Illustrator 2021 and delineated. Developmental regions (i.e. neuroepithelium) destined to give rise to adult structures have been denoted by the adult structure’s name with an asterisk (e.g. Cb* denotes the cerebellar developmental field of the rhombic lip).

 Developmental segmentation (neuromeres) of the diencephalon (prosomeres 1 to 3) and rhombencephalon (rhombomeres 1 to 6) have been depicted where visible.  Delineation of the telencephalon is based on zones identified by Puelles et al. (2007).

 Scale bars indicate distances on the dehydrated and embedded embryo.

 

References

Puelles L, Martinez-de-la-Torre M, Paxinos G, Watson C, Martínez S. (2007) The Chick Brain in Stereotaxic Co-ordinates. An Atlas featuring Neuromeric Subdivisions and Mammalian Homologies. Academic Press.

 

Sagittal Plate 1 of Chick Embryo Stage 24 E4.5

Sagittal Plate 2 of Chick Embryo Stage 24 E4.5

Sagittal Plate 3 of Chick Embryo Stage 24 E4.5

Sagittal Plate 4 of Chick Embryo Stage 24 E4.5

Sagittal Plate 5 of Chick Embryo Stage 24 E4.5

Sagittal Plate 6 of Chick Embryo Stage 24 E4.5

Sagittal Plate 7 of Chick Embryo Stage 24 E4.5

Table 1: E4.5 Chick embryo Stage 24 Sagittal sections indexed by Abbreviation

Abbreviation Full name Plate number
3 oculomotor nucleus 7
1arch 1st pharyngeal arch 2, 5 to 7
1cl 1st pharyngeal cleft 4, 6
1mand mandibular process of 1st pharyngeal arch 3, 4
1max maxillary process of 1st pharyngeal arch 3, 4
1pch 1st pharyngeal pouch 4, 6
2arch 2nd pharyngeal arch 4, 7
3n oculomotor nerve 3, 4, 6, 7
3pch 3rd pharyngeal pouch 5
4n trochlear nerve 5
4pch 4th pharyngeal pouch 5
4V 4th ventricle 7
5Gn trigeminal ganglion 6
6n abducens nerve 5, 6
7/8Gn facial/vestibulocochlear ganglion 6
7Gn facial (geniculate) ganglion 5
7n facial nerve 6
8Gn vestibulocochlear ganglion 5
9Gn glossopharyngeal ganglion 6
10Gn vagal ganglion 6
10n vagus nerve 7
aa1 aortic arch artery 1 4
aa2 aortic arch artery 2 4, 7
aa3 aortic arch artery 3 5 to 7
aa4 aortic arch artery 4 5 to 7
aa6 aortic arch artery 6 5
acardv anterior (rostral) cardinal vein 5
aer apical ectodermal ridge 6, 7
alar alar plate of neuroepithelium 5 to 7
allv allantoic vein 1 to 4
Aq cerebral aqueduct (of Sylvius) 5 to 7
Atr atrium of heart 4 to 7
basal basal plate of neuroepithelium 5 to 7
BC bulbus cordis of heart 2, 3
bplex brachial plexus 6
Cb cerebellum 7
CC central canal of spinal cord 2 to 7
ceme cerebellomesencephalic fissure 7
chd choledochal duct 3
Crop crop 5
ctz cortical transitory zone of cerebellum 7
D3V dorsal 3rd ventricle 6, 7
daorta dorsal aorta 1 to 7
DH dorsal horn of spinal cord 3 to 7
Dien diencephalon 5, 6
dmes dorsal mesentery 1 to 6
DPall dorsal pallium 2 to 7
dr dorsal root of spinal cord 3 to 7
DRG dorsal root ganglion 2 to 7
DTh dorsal thalamus (prosomere 2) 5, 7
ELS endolymphatic sac 6
epi epiphysis 5
FLimb forelimb 4, 6, 7
fnp frontonasal process 1, 3 to 7
fp floor plate of spinal cord 2 to 7
Giz gizzard 1, 2, 4 to 6
gonr gonadal ridge 1 to 3, 5
Hb habenula 6
HLimb hindlimb 1 to 4
Hy hypothalamus 5 to 7
ictd internal carotid artery 5, 6
iec internal embryonic coelom 1 to 7
InfR infundibular recess of 3rd ventricle 6, 7
Is isthmus 7
IVF interventricular foramen (of Monro) 5 to 7
Lens lens of eye 1
Liss Lissauer's zone of spinal cord 4 to 7
Liver liver 2 to 5
lnp lateral nasal process 1
LPall lateral pallium 1 to 4
LSplex lumbosacral plexus 3
LV lateral ventricle 2 to 7
MB mammillary body of hypothalamus 6, 7
Mesen mesencephalon 5, 6
mesn mesonephros 1 to 5
mesnd mesonephric duct 2 to 5
mnp medial nasal process 2
MPall medial pallium 2 to 7
Myelen myelencephalon 7
noto notochord 2 to 7
OB olfactory bulb 2, 7
olf olfactory nerve fibres 2
olfepith olfactory epithelium 2
omesv omphalomesenteric (vitelline) vein 1 to 4, 7
optf optic fissure 3
OptRe optic recess of 3rd ventricle 5 to 7
Oral oral cavity 5 to 7
os optic stalk 4, 7
otv otic vesicle 5, 6
p1 prosomere 1 of diencephalon 6, 7
p2 prosomere 2 of diencephalon 5 to 7
p3 prosomere 3 of diencephalon 5 to 7
PCard pericardial cavity 1 to 7
pcardv posterior (caudal) cardinal vein 3 to 7
Pd pallidum 5
Phar pharynx 5 to 7
Pig pigment layer of retina 1 to 4
POA preoptic area 5 to 7
PPit posterior pituitary 7
PrTh prethalamus (prosomere 3) 5, 7
PrThE prethalamic eminence 5
PTec pretectum (prosomere 1) 6, 7
r1 rhombomere 1 7
r2 rhombomere 2 7
r3 rhombomere 3 7
r4 rhombomere 4 7
r5 rhombomere 5 7
r6 rhombomere 6 7
Rathke Rathke's pouch 7
Retina sensory (neural) layer of retina 1 to 4
Rhomb rhombencephalon 7
rp roof plate of spinal cord 3 to 7
Sclera sclera of eye 4
Sess Sessel's (endodermal) pouch 5
sinven sinus venosus of heart 4 to 6
sl sulcus limitans 3, 6, 7
som somite 1 to 7
SpC spinal cord 3 to 7
Spt septum of telencephalon 6, 7
Str striatum 5
Symp sympathetic trunk ganglia 3 to 6
Syr syrinx 6
TA truncus arteriosus 4
Tect optic tectum 5 to 7
Telen telencephalon 1 to 7
Tg tegmentum (of mesencephalon) 6, 7
V3V ventral third ventricle 5 to 7
Vent ventricle of heart 1 to 3
VH ventral horn of spinal cord 2 to 7
Vitr vitreous humor (optic cup) 1 to 3
VPall ventral pallium 1, 2, 3, 6
vr ventral root of spinal cord 3 to 6
zli zona limitans intrathalamica 5

Table 2: E4.5 Chick embryo Stage 24 Sagittal sections indexed by Full name

Full name Abbreviation Plate number
1st pharyngeal arch 1arch 2, 5 to 7
1st pharyngeal cleft 1cl 4, 6
1st pharyngeal pouch 1pch 4, 6
2nd pharyngeal arch 2arch 4, 7
3rd pharyngeal pouch 3pch 5
4th pharyngeal pouch 4pch 5
4th ventricle 4V 7
abducens nerve 6n 5, 6
alar plate of neuroepithelium alar 5 to 7
allantoic vein allv 1 to 4
anterior (rostral) cardinal vein acardv 5
aortic arch artery 1 aa1 4
aortic arch artery 2 aa2 4, 7
aortic arch artery 3 aa3 5 to 7
aortic arch artery 4 aa4 5 to 7
aortic arch artery 6 aa6 5
apical ectodermal ridge aer 6, 7
atrium of heart Atr 4 to 7
basal plate of neuroepithelium basal 5 to 7
brachial plexus bplex 6
bulbus cordis of heart BC 2, 3
central canal of spinal cord CC 2 to 7
cerebellomesencephalic fissure ceme 7
cerebellum Cb 7
cerebral aqueduct (of Sylvius) Aq 5 to 7
choledochal duct chd 3
cortical transitory zone of cerebellum ctz 7
crop Crop 5
diencephalon Dien 5, 6
dorsal 3rd ventricle D3V 6, 7
dorsal aorta daorta 1 to 7
dorsal horn of spinal cord DH 3 to 7
dorsal mesentery dmes 1 to 6
dorsal pallium DPall 2 to 7
dorsal root ganglion DRG 2 to 7
dorsal root of spinal cord dr 3 to 7
dorsal thalamus (prosomere 2) DTh 5, 7
endolymphatic sac ELS 6
epiphysis epi 5
facial (geniculate) ganglion 7Gn 5
facial nerve 7n 6
facial/vestibulocochlear ganglion 7/8Gn 6
floor plate of spinal cord fp 2 to 7
forelimb FLimb 4, 6, 7
frontonasal process fnp 1, 3 to 7
gizzard Giz 1, 2, 4 to 6
glossopharyngeal ganglion 9Gn 6
gonadal ridge gonr 1 to 3, 5
habenula Hb 6
hindlimb HLimb 1 to 4
hypothalamus Hy 5 to 7
infundibular recess of 3rd ventricle InfR 6, 7
internal carotid artery ictd 5, 6
internal embryonic coelom iec 1 to 7
interventricular foramen (of Monro) IVF 5 to 7
isthmus Is 7
lateral nasal process lnp 1
lateral pallium LPall 1 to 4
lateral ventricle LV 2 to 7
lens of eye Lens 1
Lissauer's zone of spinal cord Liss 4 to 7
liver Liver 2 to 5
lumbosacral plexus LSplex 3
mammillary body of hypothalamus MB 6, 7
mandibular process of 1st pharyngeal arch 1mand 3, 4
maxillary process of 1st pharyngeal arch 1max 3, 4
medial nasal process mnp 2
medial pallium MPall 2 to 7
mesencephalon Mesen 5, 6
mesonephric duct mesnd 2 to 5
mesonephros mesn 1 to 5
myelencephalon Myelen 7
notochord noto 2 to 7
oculomotor nerve 3n 3, 4, 6, 7
oculomotor nucleus 3 7
olfactory bulb OB 2, 7
olfactory epithelium olfepith 2
olfactory nerve fibres olf 2
omphalomesenteric (vitelline) vein omesv 1 to 4, 7
optic fissure optf 3
optic recess of 3rd ventricle OptRe 5 to 7
optic stalk os 4, 7
optic tectum Tect 5 to 7
oral cavity Oral 5 to 7
otic vesicle otv 5, 6
pallidum Pd 5
pericardial cavity PCard 1 to 7
pharynx Phar 5 to 7
pigment layer of retina Pig 1 to 4
posterior (caudal) cardinal vein pcardv 3 to 7
posterior pituitary PPit 7
preoptic area POA 5 to 7
pretectum (prosomere 1) PTec 6, 7
prethalamic eminence PrThE 5
prethalamus (prosomere 3) PrTh 5, 7
prosomere 1 of diencephalon p1 6, 7
prosomere 2 of diencephalon p2 5 to 7
prosomere 3 of diencephalon p3 5 to 7
Rathke's pouch Rathke 7
rhombencephalon Rhomb 7
rhombomere 1 r1 7
rhombomere 2 r2 7
rhombomere 3 r3 7
rhombomere 4 r4 7
rhombomere 5 r5 7
rhombomere 6 r6 7
roof plate of spinal cord rp 3 to 7
sclera of eye Sclera 4
sensory (neural) layer of retina Retina 1 to 4
septum of telencephalon Spt 6, 7
Sessel's (endodermal) pouch Sess 5
sinus venosus of heart sinven 4 to 6
somite som 1 to 7
spinal cord SpC 3 to 7
striatum Str 5
sulcus limitans sl 3, 6, 7
sympathetic trunk ganglia Symp 3 to 6
syrinx Syr 6
tegmentum (of mesencephalon) Tg 6, 7
telencephalon Telen 1 to 7
trigeminal ganglion 5Gn 6
trochlear nerve 4n 5
truncus arteriosus TA 4
vagal ganglion 10Gn 6
vagus nerve 10n 7
ventral horn of spinal cord VH 2 to 7
ventral pallium VPall 1, 2, 3, 6
ventral root of spinal cord vr 3 to 6
ventral third ventricle V3V 5 to 7
ventricle of heart Vent 1 to 3
vestibulocochlear ganglion 8Gn 5
vitreous humor (optic cup) Vitr 1 to 3
zona limitans intrathalamica zli 5
 
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